Three-dimensional relationship between high-order root-mean-square wavefront error, pupil diameter, and aging
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Date
2007
Authors
Koenig, Darren E
Applegate, Raymond A
Donnelly, William J
Marsack, Jason D
Pesudovs, Konrad
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Abstract
We report root-mean-square (RMS) wavefront error (WFE) for individual aberrations and cumulative highorder
(HO) RMS WFE for the normal human eye as a function of age by decade and pupil diameter in 1 mm
steps from 3 to 7 mm and determine the relationship among HO RMS WFE, mean age for each decade of life,
and luminance for physiologic pupil diameters. Subjects included 146 healthy individuals from 20 to 80 years
of age. Ocular aberration was measured on the preferred eye of each subject (for a total of 146 eyes through
dilated pupils; computed for 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 mm pupils; and described with a tenth-radial-order normalized
Zernike expansion. We found that HO RMS WFE increases faster with increasing pupil diameter for any given
age and pupil diameter than it does with increasing age alone. A planar function accounts for 99% of the variance
in the 3-D space defined by mean log HO RMS WFE, mean age for each decade of life, and pupil diameter.
When physiologic pupil diameters are used to estimate HO RMS WFE as a function of luminance and age, at
low luminance 9 cd/m2 HO RMS WFE decreases with increasing age. This normative data set details (1) the
3-D relationship between HO RMS WFE and age for fixed pupil diameters and (2) the 3-D relationship among
HO RMS WFE, age, and luminance for physiologic pupil diameters.
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Applegate, R.A., Donnelly, W.J., Marsack,
J.D., Koenig, D.E., & Pesudovs, K., 2007. Three-dimensional relationship between
high-order root-mean-square wavefront error, pupil diameter, and aging. Journal of the
Optical Society of America A-Optics Image Science and Vision, 24(3), 578-587.