Adult Non-Cystic Fibrosis Bronchiectasis Is Characterised by Airway Luminal Th17 Pathway Activation
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Date
2015
Authors
Chen, Alice
Martin, Megan L
Lourie, R
Rogers, Geraint B
Burr, Lucy D
Hasnain, Sumaira Z
Bowler, Simon D
McGuckin, Michael A
Serisier, D
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
Public Library of Science
Rights
Copyright © 2015 Chen et al
Rights Holder
Chen et al
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Non-cystic fibrosis (CF) bronchiectasis is characterised by chronic airway infection and neutrophilic inflammation, which we hypothesised would be associated with Th17 pathway activation.
METHODS:
Th17 pathway cytokines were quantified in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), and gene expression of IL-17A, IL-1β, IL-8 and IL-23 determined from endobronchial biopsies (EBx) in 41 stable bronchiectasis subjects and 20 healthy controls. Relationships between IL-17A levels and infection status, important clinical measures and subsequent Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection were determined.
RESULTS:
BALF levels of all Th17 cytokines (median (IQR) pg/mL) were significantly higher in bronchiectasis than control subjects, including IL-17A (1.73 (1.19, 3.23) vs. 0.27 (0.24, 0.35), 95% CI 1.05 to 2.21, p<0.0001) and IL-23 (9.48 (4.79, 15.75) vs. 0.70 (0.43, 1.79), 95% CI 4.68 to 11.21, p<0.0001). However, BALF IL-17A levels were not associated with clinical measures or airway microbiology, nor predictive of subsequent P. aeruginosa infection. Furthermore, gene expression of IL-17A in bronchiectasis EBx did not differ from control. In contrast, gene expression (relative to medians of controls) in bronchiectasis EBx was significantly higher than control for IL1β (4.12 (1.24, 8.05) vs 1 (0.13, 2.95), 95% CI 0.05 to 4.07, p = 0.04) and IL-8 (3.75 (1.64, 11.27) vs 1 (0.54, 3.89), 95% CI 0.32 to 4.87, p = 0.02) and BALF IL-8 and IL-1α levels showed significant relationships with clinical measures and airway microbiology. P. aeruginosa infection was associated with increased levels of IL-8 while Haemophilus influenzae was associated with increased IL-1α.
CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE:
Established adult non-CF bronchiectasis is characterised by luminal Th17 pathway activation, however this pathway may be relatively less important than activation of non-antigen-specific innate neutrophilic immunity.
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Copyright © 2015 Chen et al. This is an open
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Citation
Chen AC, Martin ML, Lourie R, Rogers GB, Burr LD, Hasnain SZ, Bowler SD, McGuckin MA, Serisier DJ. Adult non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis is characterised by airway luminal Th17 pathway activation. PLoS One. 2015 Mar 30;10(3):e0119325. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0119325.