Fruit Intake and Abdominal Aortic Calcification in Elderly Women: A Prospective Cohort Study.
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Date
2016
Authors
Bondonno, N
Lewis, Joshua R
Prince, Richard L
Lim, W
Wong, G
Schousboe, J
Woodman, Richard John
Kiei, D
Bondonno, Catherine P
Ward, N
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
MDPI
Rights
Copryight © 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Rights Holder
The Authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. There is a consistent inverse relationship between fruit intake with CVD events and mortality in cross-sectional and prospective observational studies, but the relationship of fruit intake with measurements of atherosclerosis in humans is less clear. Nutritional effects on abdominal aortic calcification (AAC), a marker for subclinical intimal and medial atherosclerotic vascular disease, have not been studied previously. The aim of this study was to examine the cross-sectional relationship of total and individual fruit (apple, pear, orange and other citrus, and banana) intake with AAC, scored between 0 and 24. The current study assessed baseline data for a cohort of 1052 women over 70 years of age who completed both a food frequency questionnaire assessing fruit intake, and underwent AAC measurement using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. AAC scores were significantly negatively correlated with total fruit and apple intakes (p < 0.05), but not with pear, orange or banana intakes (p > 0.25). In multivariable-adjusted logistic regression, each standard deviation (SD; 50 g/day) increase in apple intake was associated with a 24% lower odds of having severe AAC (AAC score >5) (odd ratio OR): 0.76 (0.62, 0.93), p = 0.009). Total and other individual fruit intake were not associated with increased odds of having severe AAC. Apple but not total or other fruit intake is independently negatively associated with AAC in older women.
Description
© 2016 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access
article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons by Attribution
(CC-BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords
abdominal aortic calcification; apples; atherosclerosis; cardiovascular disease; fruit
Citation
Bondonno NP, Lewis JR, Prince RL, Lim WH, Wong G, Schousboe JT, Woodman RJ, Kiel DP, Bondonno CP, Ward NC, Croft KD, Hodgson JM. Fruit Intake and Abdominal Aortic Calcification in Elderly Women: A Prospective Cohort Study. Nutrients. 2016 Mar 10;8(3). pii: E159. doi: 10.3390/nu8030159