Suprascapular nerve block for shoulder pain in the first year after stroke: a randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Background and Purpose: Shoulder pain is a common complication after stroke which can impede participation in rehabilitation and has been associated with poorer outcomes. Evidence based treatments for hemiplegic shoulder pain are limited. Suprascapular nerve block (SSNB) is a safe and effective treatment of shoulder pain associated with arthritic shoulder conditions, but its usefulness in a stroke population is unclear.

Methods: We undertook a randomised controlled trial assessing the effectiveness of SSNB in a population of 64 stroke patients (onset < 1 year) with hemiplegic shoulder pain. The primary outcome was pain measured on a visual analogue scale (VAS). Secondary outcomes were disability (Modified Rankin Scale, Croft Disability Index) and quality of life (EuroQol Health Questionnaire). All participants were assessed prior to randomisation, and at 1, 4 and 12 weeks post intervention. Both groups continued with routine therapy.

Results: Whilst both intervention and control groups demonstrated reduction in pain score, participants who received SSNB consistently demonstrated superior, statistically significant pain reduction compared to placebo. Mean VAS reduction in the SSNB group was over 18mm greater than participants receiving placebo injection. The number needed to treat with SSNB to reduce one stroke survivor’s pain by 50% at four weeks is 4. No significant differences in function or quality of life were observed. No adverse events were reported.

Conclusions: Suprascapular nerve block is a safe and effective treatment for patients with hemiplegic shoulder pain.