Biomechanics of Pharyngeal Deglutitive Function Following Total Laryngectomy
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Date
2016-04-26
Authors
Zhang, Teng
Szczesniak, Michal Marcin
Maclean, Julia C F
Bertrand, Paul P
Wu, Peter I
Omari, Taher
Cook, Ian James
Journal Title
Journal ISSN
Volume Title
Publisher
American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation
Rights
Copyright © 2016 American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation. Reprinted by permission of SAGE Publications.
Rights Holder
2016 American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation
Abstract
Objective: Post-laryngectomy surgery, pharyngeal weakness and pharyngoesophageal junction (PEJ) restriction are the underlying candidate mechanisms of dysphagia. We aimed to determine, in laryngectomees whether: 1) hypopharyngeal propulsion is reduced and/or PEJ resistance is increased; 2) endoscopic dilatation improves dysphagia; and 3) if so, whether symptomatic improvement correlate with reduction in resistance to flow across the PEJ.
Methods: Swallow biomechanics were assessed in 30 total laryngectomees. Average peak contractile pressure (hPP) and hypopharyngeal intrabolus pressure (hIBP) were measured from combined high resolution manometry and video-fluoroscopic recordings of barium swallows (2, 5&10ml). Patients were stratified into severe dysphagia (Sydney Swallow Questionnaire (SSQ)>500) and mild/nil dysphagia (SSQ≤500). In 5 patients, all measurements were repeated after endoscopic dilatation.
Results: Dysphagia was reported by 87%, and 57% had severe and 43% had minor/nil dysphagia. Laryngectomees had lower hPP than controls (110±14mmHg vs 170±15mmHg; p<0.05), while hIBP was higher (29±5mmHg vs 6±5mmHg; p<0.05). There were no differences in hPP between patient groups. However, hIBP was higher in severe than in mild/nil dysphagia (41±10mmHg vs 13±3mmHg; p<0.05). Pre-dilation hIBP (R2=0.97) and its decrement following dilatation (R2=0.98) were good predictors of symptomatic improvement.
Conclusion: Increased PEJ resistance is the predominant determinant of dysphagia as it correlates better with dysphagia severity than peak pharyngal contractile pressure. While both baseline PEJ resistance and its decrement following dilatation are strong predictors of outcome following dilatation, the peak pharyngeal pressure is not. PEJ resistance is vital to detect as it is the only potentially reversible component of dysphagia in this context.
Description
Copyright © 2016 American Academy of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery Foundation. Reprinted by permission of SAGE Publications
Keywords
Laryngectomy, Pharynx, Degltutition, Swallow, Dysphagia, Hypopharyngeal Intrabolus Pressure, hIBP, Hypopharyngeal peak contractile pressure, hPP
Citation
Zhang T, Szczesniak M, Maclean J, Bertrand P, Wu PI, Omari T, Cook IJ. Biomechanics of Pharyngeal Deglutitive Function Following Total Laryngectomy. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2016 Aug;155(2):295-302.