Predicting the Activation States of the Muscles Governing Upper Esophageal Sphincter Relaxation and Opening

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dc.contributor.author Omari, Taher
dc.contributor.author Jones, Corinne A
dc.contributor.author Hammer, Marilyn J
dc.contributor.author Cock, Charles
dc.contributor.author Dinning, Philip
dc.contributor.author Wiklendt, Lukasz
dc.contributor.author Costa, Marcello
dc.contributor.author McCulloch, Timothy M
dc.date.accessioned 2017-03-27T04:35:31Z
dc.date.available 2017-03-27T04:35:31Z
dc.date.issued 2016-03-15
dc.description Copyright © 2016 the American Physiological Society en
dc.description.abstract The swallowing muscles that influence upper esophageal sphincter (UES) opening are centrally controlled and modulated by sensory information. Activation and deactivation of neural inputs to these muscles, including the intrinsic cricopharyngeus (CP) and extrinsic submental (SM) muscles, results in their mechanical activation or deactivation, which changes the diameter of the lumen, alters the intraluminal pressure, and ultimately reduces or promotes flow of content. By measuring the changes in diameter, using intraluminal impedance, and the concurrent changes in intraluminal pressure, it is possible to determine when the muscles are passively or actively relaxing or contracting. From these “mechanical states” of the muscle, the neural inputs driving the specific motor behaviors of the UES can be inferred. In this study we compared predictions of UES mechanical states directly with the activity measured by electromyography (EMG). In eight subjects, pharyngeal pressure and impedance were recorded in parallel with CP- and SM-EMG activity. UES pressure and impedance swallow profiles correlated with the CP-EMG and SM-EMG recordings, respectively. Eight UES muscle states were determined by using the gradient of pressure and impedance with respect to time. Guided by the level and gradient change of EMG activity, mechanical states successfully predicted the activity of the CP muscle and SM muscle independently. Mechanical state predictions revealed patterns consistent with the known neural inputs activating the different muscles during swallowing. Derivation of “activation state” maps may allow better physiological and pathophysiological interpretations of UES function. en
dc.identifier.citation Omari TI, Jones CA Ms, Hammer MJ, Cock C, Dinning PG, Wiklendt L, Costa MC, McCulloch TM. Predicting the Activation States of the Muscles Governing Upper Esophageal Sphincter Relaxation and Opening. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2016 Mar 15;310(6):G359-66. en
dc.identifier.doi https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00388.2015 en
dc.identifier.issn 0193-1857
dc.identifier.uri http://hdl.handle.net/2328/37006
dc.language.iso en
dc.oaire.license.condition.license In Copyright
dc.publisher American Physiological Society en
dc.rights Copyright © 2016 the American Physiological Society en
dc.rights.holder American Physiological Society en
dc.subject deglutition en
dc.subject dysphagia en
dc.subject pressure en
dc.subject impedance en
dc.subject diameter en
dc.subject electromyography en
dc.subject neural pathways en
dc.subject upper esophageal sphincter en
dc.subject cricopharyngeus muscle en
dc.subject submental muscles en
dc.title Predicting the Activation States of the Muscles Governing Upper Esophageal Sphincter Relaxation and Opening en
dc.type Article en
local.contributor.authorOrcidLookup Omari, Taher: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5108-7378 en_US
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