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ItemAccommodation for elderly people( 1989-04) Graycar, AdamFrom the viewpoint of elderly people themselves, the question of accommodation is a crucial one. Their housing takes on an increasing importance, not only in a financial sense but also psychologically. Moreover, most elderly people spend more time in their homes than do people of working-age. Although some have a full and active social life and a few are still in employment, the increased 'leisure' of retirement (at least for men aged 65 and over) means more time spent 'at home'. We recognise that elderly people, more so than any other age group, are spread across a broad range of accommodation types.
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ItemAged care: winners and losers( 1988-04) Graycar, AdamIn 1987 our 'aged' population increased by around 55,000, or by 152 per day. Public resources which are allocated are substantial, yet the range of incomes, access to services and housing situation of elderly people is probably wider than for any other population category. Our elderly population comprises a group spread across thirty or more years of life. As we look to the future we will see more older people, and we will see more of our older people living longer. To some this is a potential calamity - to others a remarkable achievement. The two points - the will to live and live well, and responsiveness to the needs of those around us, particularly those of older people, are key issues in identifying winners and losers.
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ItemAgeing : policy issues( 1987-04) Graycar, AdamThis speech covers demographic and policy issues that are part both of our reality of ageing and of the myths and stereotypes that creep into planning in aged care. It then discusses problems, conditions, policy agendas and specific issues relating to the ageing population.
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ItemCare of the aged( 1987-10) Graycar, AdamThe fact that more people are reaching old age represents success: improvements in health, better housing, and better living standards. This success is something we will all benefit from if we learn to utilise the potential and tackle the challenges which ageing offers. Considerable work, notably by a British expert, Louise Davies and the Gerontology Nutrition Unit, has been done in the field of nutrition, including the development of a meals on wheels assessment kit. It is possible to identify nutritional risk factors and to ensure that, substantially, meals are healthy.
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ItemCurrent developments in aged care in Australia( 1988-10) Graycar, AdamIn June 1987 there were in Western Australia 130,365 people in their fifties, 104,562 in their sixties, 66,362 in their seventies and 26,816 aged eighty or over. Almost one in four Western Australians is aged 50 or over. By the year 2021 one in 3 Western Australians will be 50 or over. Ageing can.be seen as an issue requiring policy attention because a situation of dependency can"be identified. The dependencies of ageing are chronic not transitional and may be social, economic, physical and political.
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ItemHome and Community Care program( 1988-08) Graycar, AdamOur population is ageing. In planning for this ageing population there are many key inel.icators which require analysis. One such indicator is survivorship. Understanding the indicators helps us formulate and comprehend the policies. The Home and Community Care Program (HACC) is a response to our changing age profile and survivorship rates.
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ItemIs retirement working?( 1989-12) Graycar, Adam ; Doherty, BevThe four main issues for a person facing retirement are income - having enough and having it regularly; having adequate health care; having appropriate living and housing arrangements; and having interest and purpose in life. Old people are not at all different from their younger contemporaries in the requirement that life must have some meaning. Our community, particularly through the activities of State and Federal Governments has made enormous advances in recent years in the first three of these areas, income, health, accommodation. The fourth issue, interest and purpose in life is often the least recognized and most neglected.
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ItemNursing homes and hostels review( 1988-10) Graycar, AdamThere are numerous operators in the nursing home industry. The largest cost input comes from the Commonwealth Government and Commonwealth decisions are of significant interest to the State Governments, to Local Governments, to private and voluntary sector operators, to local communities, to families and relatives, and most important of all, to the residents of nursing homes. Some policy issues of fundamental concern addressed in this paper are: Overall Philosophy; Quality of Life; Staffing Standards; Assessment; Interstate Differences; Costs, and who should bear them.
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ItemOpening speech for Elderly Day Care Centre( 1987-06) Graycar, AdamGovernments are encouraging people to live as independently as possible and to stay where most people want most to stay for as long as possible - at home - in a private residence rather than in residential care. The government is currently developing the Horne and Community Care Program (HACC) to support older and younger disabled people at home. Care of elderly relatives by the family may result in significant costs to the family (and especially to women in the family). It is necessary therefore for as full a range of support options and alternatives to be available. This is one option that will appeal to some people. The operation is not unlike that in a child care centre. The older person is taken in the morning and picked up later, after the carer has been to work, is out or whatever. People can come on a regular or casual basis, and can be assured of high quality care and support. The fees are even similar to those for child care.
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ItemRetirement villages( 1988-08) Graycar, AdamFor some older people moving is an important and necessary activity and it makes life easier and more comfortable, provides a less stressful lifestyle and gives people a new lease of life. For others it is deeply distressing, as old ties are broken and a journey into the unknown begins. The point to note is that the efforts of moving are very different for different individuals. There are many types of "retirement villages", some operated by charitable or religious bodies, some by public authorities and some by commercial developers. People wishing to move into such a village generally must be in good health and of a minimum age.
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ItemRights to information, education and freedom of choice: the vulnerable consumer( 1990-02) Graycar, AdamCallers to the Office for the Ageing usually want information. Of some 3,000 calls last year, over half were requests for information: nursing homes, guardianship, podiatry, house cleaning, transport, funeral expenses, investment, domiciliary care, health insurance, home equity, retirement villages, house and contents insurance, hostels, dental care, interest rates for pensioners, drug abuse, power of attorney, multicultural services, respite care, making out a will, car insurance, fees to nursing homes, nursing benefits, taxation, pensions, concessions and so on. First we must recognise the vulnerabilities of elderly people, and second we have to work out responses that are sensible and effective. The Nursing Homes and Hostels Enquiry Service received a further 544 calls from November 1988 to June 1989, 197 of which were requests for pre-admission information. Why are elderly consumers vulnerable? In general they are: information starved; discriminated against; compelled to make forced choices.
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ItemSocial welfare policy( 1990-01) Graycar, AdamSocial welfare policy helps determine how people live. "Social welfare" is a broad term which describes systems of allocations in any society in which benefits are distributed to individuals and communities so that they might attain a certain standard of living and/or quality of life. This structure of benefits and their distribution is an intensely political predicament, for there is often great disagreement about why anything should be allocated, what it is that is allocated, who the recipients ought to be, how generous the allocation ought to be, who should do the allocating, and how it might be financed.
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ItemWelfare and the State: issues for the 1990s( 1989-03) Graycar, AdamAs we look to the last decade of this century, after almost a century of formal welfare state activity, we can't get away from the one fundamental part of our analysis, and that is how people live and how they ought to live are the central concerns of planners and practitioners in the welfare industry. All members of a society aspire to an adequate standard of living, an adequate set of community infrastructure supports and adequate human interaction. Let us call them tangible resources, effective support services, and close companionship. In very crude terms we can identify four service sectors which deliver these: the public sector; the community sector (often called the 'voluntary' sector); the commercial market sector and the informal sector.